Hướng dẫn dịch thuật cho tiếng Việt

Translation Guidance for Vietnamese (Tiếng Việt)

This document combines the glossary of standardized terms and language-specific translation notes for Vietnamese translations of Onetime Secret. It serves as a comprehensive reference for translators working on the Vietnamese locale to ensure consistency, accuracy, and natural phrasing.

Overview

The Vietnamese translation aims to:

• Maintain consistency across all application interfaces
• Use clear, natural phrasing for Vietnamese-speaking audiences
• Follow technical accuracy for security-related terminology
• Apply appropriate voice and tone for different contexts
• Properly handle Vietnamese tonal system and diacritics

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Core Terminology

Basic Terms

English	Tiếng Việt (VI)	Context	Notes
secret (noun)	bí mật	Central application concept	Appropriate for professional contexts
secret (adj)	bí mật/an toàn	Descriptive use
passphrase	cụm mật khẩu	Authentication method for secrets	Compound term distinguishing from account password
password	mật khẩu	Account login credential	Standard term for account passwords
burn	xóa vĩnh viễn	Action to delete a secret before viewing	Delete permanently
view/reveal	xem/hiển thị	Action to access a secret
link	liên kết	URL providing access to a secret
encrypt/encrypted	mã hóa/đã mã hóa	Security method
secure	an toàn	Protection state

User Interface Elements

English	Tiếng Việt (VI)	Context	Notes
Share a secret	Chia sẻ bí mật	Primary action
Create Account	Tạo tài khoản	Registration
Sign In	Đăng nhập	Authentication
Dashboard	Bảng điều khiển	User’s main page
Settings	Cài đặt	Configuration page
Privacy Options	Tùy chọn quyền riêng tư	Secret configuration
Feedback	Phản hồi	User feedback

Status Terms

English	Tiếng Việt (VI)	Context	Notes
received	đã nhận	Secret has been viewed	Uses past marker đã
burned	đã xóa vĩnh viễn	Secret was deleted before viewing
expired	đã hết hạn	Secret no longer available due to time
created	đã tạo	Secret has been generated
active	hoạt động	Secret is available
inactive	không hoạt động	Secret is not available

Time-Related Terms

English	Tiếng Việt (VI)	Context	Notes
expires in	hết hạn sau	Time until secret becomes unavailable
day/days	ngày	Time unit	No plural form needed
hour/hours	giờ	Time unit	No plural form needed
minute/minutes	phút	Time unit	No plural form needed
second/seconds	giây	Time unit	No plural form needed

Security Features

English	Tiếng Việt (VI)	Context
one-time access	truy cập một lần	Core security feature
passphrase protection	bảo vệ bằng cụm mật khẩu	Additional security
encrypted in transit	mã hóa khi truyền	Data protection method
encrypted at rest	mã hóa khi lưu trữ	Storage protection

Account-Related Terms

English	Tiếng Việt (VI)	Context
email	email	User identifier
password	mật khẩu	Account authentication
account	tài khoản	User profile
subscription	đăng ký	Paid service
customer	khách hàng	Paying user

Domain-Related Terms

English	Tiếng Việt (VI)	Context
custom domain	tên miền tùy chỉnh	Premium feature
domain verification	xác minh tên miền	Setup process
DNS record	bản ghi DNS	Configuration
CNAME record	bản ghi CNAME	DNS configuration

Error Messages

English	Tiếng Việt (VI)	Context
error	lỗi	Problem notification
warning	cảnh báo	Caution notification
oops	rất tiếc	Friendly error introduction

Buttons and Actions

English	Tiếng Việt (VI)	Context	Notes
submit	gửi	Form action
cancel	hủy	Negative action
confirm	xác nhận	Positive action
copy to clipboard	sao chép vào clipboard	Utility action
continue	tiếp tục	Navigation
back	quay lại	Navigation

Marketing Terms

English	Tiếng Việt (VI)	Context
secure links	liên kết an toàn	Product feature
privacy-first design	thiết kế ưu tiên quyền riêng tư	Design philosophy
custom branding	thương hiệu tùy chỉnh	Premium feature

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Translation Guidelines

1. Consistency

• Use the same translation for a term throughout the application
• Maintain standardized terminology from the glossary above
• Key distinctions to preserve:
  • mật khẩu for account passwords
  • cụm mật khẩu for secret protection
  • bí mật as the core concept

2. Context Awareness

• Consider how the term is used in the application
• Account for surrounding UI elements and user flow
• Ensure translations make sense in their specific context

3. Cultural Adaptation

• Adapt terms to local conventions when necessary
• Use modern Vietnamese suitable for digital interfaces
• Use standard technical terms familiar to Vietnamese-speaking users

4. Technical Accuracy

• Security-related terms must be translated accurately
• Prioritize precision over localization for technical terminology
• Use established Vietnamese technical vocabulary

5. Voice and Tone

• Use “bạn” for neutral, respectful formality appropriate for professional contexts
• Maintain professional but approachable language
• Ensure consistency in formality level across all interfaces

6. Vietnamese Language Specifics

Analytic Language Structure

• Vietnamese is an analytic language with no inflection or conjugation
• Words do not change form based on tense, number, or gender
• Grammatical relationships expressed through word order and particles
• No verb conjugation: “tôi tạo” (I create), “chúng tôi tạo” (we create)

Tonal System

• Vietnamese has 6 tones that are essential for meaning
• Tones: level (no mark), sharp/rising (sắc), falling (huyền), tumbling (hỏi), broken rising (ngã), heavy (nặng)
• Incorrect tones completely change meaning
• Examples:
  • ma (ghost), má (mother), mà (but), mả (tomb), mã (code), mạ (rice seedling)
• All tone marks must be preserved accurately

Vietnamese Script and Diacritics

• Uses Latin alphabet with additional diacritics
• Vowel modifications: ă, â, ê, ô, ơ, ư
• Tone marks: ́ (sắc), ̀ (huyền), ̉ (hỏi), ̃ (ngã), ̣ (nặng)
• Both vowel and tone diacritics can appear on same letter: ế, ồ, ữ
• Never omit diacritics - they are essential to meaning

No Grammatical Gender or Plural

• Vietnamese has no grammatical gender
• No plural forms for most nouns (unless emphasis needed)
• Same word form for singular and plural: ngày (day/days), giờ (hour/hours)
• Quantity expressed through numbers or quantifiers: 3 ngày (3 days)

Tense Markers

• Tense indicated by markers, not verb changes
• đã - past tense marker
• sẽ - future tense marker
• đang - progressive aspect marker
• Examples:
  • đã tạo (created/have created)
  • sẽ tạo (will create)
  • đang tạo (is/are creating)

Word Order

• Subject-Verb-Object (SVO) like English
• Adjectives and modifiers typically follow nouns
• Examples:
  • bí mật (secret - noun)
  • thông tin bí mật (secret information - adjective follows)

Syllable Spacing

• Vietnamese words can be monosyllabic or multisyllabic
• Compound words written with spaces between syllables
• Examples:
  • mã hóa (encryption - two syllables, space between)
  • bảo mật (security - two syllables, space between)
  • tài khoản (account - two syllables, space between)
• Never write without spaces like German compounds

7. Clarity and Natural Phrasing

• Prioritize natural Vietnamese expressions over literal translations
• Use standard phrases familiar to Vietnamese speakers
• Ensure terminology is accessible and professional

8. Completeness

• Ensure all user-facing strings are translated
• Avoid leaving English text in the interface
• Translate help text, descriptions, and metadata

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Common Translation Patterns

User Instructions

Use imperative verbs without subject (understood “bạn”)

Status Descriptions

Use past tense markers (đã) for completed states

Help Text and Descriptions

Use declarative sentences with neutral tone

Error Messages

Use clear, direct language with respectful tone

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Special Considerations

The Term “Secret”

• Fundamental to the application - translate consistently as bí mật
• Appropriate for professional contexts
• Emphasizes the confidential nature of the shared item

Password vs. Passphrase

Critical distinction:

• mật khẩu - for user account login credentials
• cụm mật khẩu - for protecting individual secrets (cụm = phrase/cluster)

This distinction must be maintained throughout the application to avoid confusion.

The Term “Burn”

• Translated as xóa vĩnh viễn (delete permanently)
• More natural in digital Vietnamese context than literal translation
• Clearly conveys permanent deletion concept

Tones Cannot Be Omitted

• Vietnamese tones are not optional
• Omitting tones makes text unreadable or changes meaning completely
• Always include all tone marks: á, à, ả, ã, ạ
• Example of importance:
  • ma (ghost), má (mother), mà (but), mả (tomb), mã (code), mạ (rice seedling)

Diacritics Are Essential

• All Vietnamese diacritics must be preserved
• Both vowel modifications (ă, â, ê, ô, ơ, ư) and tone marks
• Never substitute with unaccented letters
• Example: hoa (flower) vs hoà (harmony) vs hòa (peace/blend)

No Plural Forms Needed

• Unlike English, Vietnamese doesn’t mark plurals on nouns
• Use same form for singular and plural
• Context and numbers indicate quantity
• Examples:
  • 1 ngày (1 day)
  • 5 ngày (5 days) - NOT “5 ngàys”

Tense Markers Placement

• Place tense markers before main verb
• đã, sẽ, đang come before the verb they modify
• Examples:
  • Bí mật đã được tạo (The secret has been created)
  • Liên kết sẽ hết hạn (The link will expire)

UI Element Conventions

• Follow platform conventions for Vietnamese interfaces
• Use standard Vietnamese terminology for common UI elements
• Maintain consistency with other Vietnamese applications
• Use “bạn” for respectful but friendly address

Technical Security Terms

• Prioritize accuracy over casual localization
• Use established Vietnamese technical vocabulary
• Examples:
  • mã hóa (encryption)
  • đã mã hóa (encrypted)
  • xác minh (verification)
  • xác thực (authentication)

Simplicity of Vietnamese Grammar

• No verb conjugation (simplifies translation)
• No grammatical gender (simplifies agreement)
• No plural marking (simplifies noun forms)
• Main complexity is in tonal system and diacritics

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Summary of Translation Principles

The Vietnamese translation maintains:

1. Terminology Consistency - Standardized key terms throughout the application
2. Tonal Accuracy - Complete and correct use of all 6 Vietnamese tones
3. Natural Phrasing - Standard Vietnamese expressions and idioms
4. Diacritical Integrity - All vowel modifications and tone marks preserved
5. Complete Coverage - All user-facing strings translated
6. Technical Accuracy - Precise terminology for security concepts
7. Clear Distinctions - Especially between account passwords and secret passphrases
8. Respectful Tone - Use of “bạn” for professional yet friendly communication
9. Analytic Structure - Proper use of particles and word order instead of inflection

By following these guidelines, translators can ensure that the Vietnamese version of Onetime Secret is accurate, consistent, and provides a natural user experience for Vietnamese-speaking audiences.